旧石器时代的海盗
Avast, ye scurvyHomoerectus! Recentarchaeological finds from Crete显示第一个航海人的人类启航，以供零件未知more than 10 times earlier than previously thought.
So instead of settlements on the Greek island around 10,000 years ago, we now have evidence of human activity there at least 125,000 years ago, and that’s the low end of the estimate.
向上移动岛
How do we know? Because Crete, unlike other islands in the Aegean, has been rising from the sea at a rate of about one millimeter per year. A series of marine terraces, or beaches, formed as Crete rose and global sea levels fluctuated due to growth and melting of continental ice sheets.
Crete’s continual rise guaranteed that the beaches—and the items left there by early settlers—were preserved. Archaeologists from Greece and the United States who found stone tools of the sort routinely used byHomo erectuson one of those beaches determined how long ago the tools were left behind by matching the beach terraces to known sea levels and then extrapolating the age.
NC州地质学家Dr. Karl Wegmann将工具放在地质背景下。
他说：“我们从基线放射性碳约会开始，使用刺牡蛎贝壳，证实了这些海滩露台中最低的年龄至少为45-50，000年。”“从那里，我们知道海滩的年龄随着时间的推移而增加。基本上，该公式是按时间划分的。”
太远了
现在，科学家证明人们在岛上比以前想象的要早得多。但是，早期人类是如何到克里特岛的呢？当时没有一条土地路线，而且水上最短的距离约为六英里，可能太远了，无法游泳。
“They had to have used some sort of boat, although we will probably never find preserved evidence of one,” Wegmann says.
对于韦格曼来说，含义不仅仅是约会文明的地质。他说：“我们都有这样的想法，即早期男人并不聪明。”“这一发现表明，我们的祖先足够聪明，足以制造船只和冒险的人，可以使用它们。”
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I love this hypothesis, very logical. It seems we (modern Homo sapiens) have a very false view of early hominids as being stupid. Where instead they were very adequate botonists and engineers ( selection of edible plants to agriculture varietals and the working of stone as a weapon ) it would be arrogant of us to not put a boat past the capabilities of a biped hominid. Most animals when fallen into a river go for a close boyant object. This can easily be extrapolated to the use of long distance swimming or to build a rudimentary raft. I would love to read any further findings you have put forward on this subject .
Alexander James Schultz
曼尼托巴大学
Dear Mr. Carter.
Thank you for your excellent question. During the most recent glacial advances, sea level likely fell about 130 to a maximum of 150 meters below modern. We took this into account in our analyses of the stone tools from Crete. The sea is quite deep all around Crete. Even during maximum glacial-period lowering of sea level (e.g., at 25,000 or 140,000 years before present), Crete would have been isolated by an open water distance of 7 to 10 km from the nearest land. You can see the depths of the Mediterranean around the island of Crete for yourself in Google Earth, where the elevation / bathymetry value of the cursor location is reported as you move across the imagery.
至于地中海的完整干燥，您是正确的，有可信的证据表明，这发生在地质的过去，这是由于海洋蒸发而沉积的厚（最多1,000 m）盐的证明。地中海干燥的地质时间间隔被称为弥赛亚人（现在是7.2至530万年），这是中新世时代的最后一个时代（在现场前23.0至530万年）。
Wikipedia contains basic information about the Messinian time interval.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/messinian
关于弥赛亚盐度危机（大约6至500万年前的地中海的干燥）也有很好的讨论。http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/messinian_salinity_crisis
So, in summary to your excellent question, yes the evidence supports the dramatic lowering of local sea level in the Mediterranean basin, but this occurred well before the evolution of the Homo genus and the deposition of the stone tools found on the island of Crete. Glacial-interglacial variations in sea level, based upon the current depths of the sea floor around Crete, were not great enough for the creation of a land bridge between Crete and mainland Greece.
卡尔·韦格曼（Karl Wegmann）
Dear Dr. Wegmann,
Have you considered that at least once during the last several glacial advances, the Mediterranean became a vast desert as falling sea level lowered the surface of the ocean below the level of the rock shelf separating Europe and Africa at Gibraltar. With the loss of replenishment water from the Atlantic and the high evaporation rate of the Mediterranean, the rivers supplying the Mediterranean would only be able to fill some of the lowest parts of the basin. Most of the basin and its current islands would then be readily accessible to traveling homo erectus/neanderthalensis. A key point could be when the first of these events (drying of the Mediterranean) occurred and I do not have this information. If you have factored in this event in your calculation, I would be interested to know when this first occurred.
Albert M. Carter
73级