研究为威胁美国农作物提供新的侵入苍蝇新见解

人类不是唯一甜食的物种。北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究表明，侵入式斑点 - 翼醋飞（果蝇铃木) also prefers sweet, soft fruit – giving us new insight into a species that has spread across the United States over the past four years and threatens to cause hundreds of millions of dollars in damage to U.S. fruit crops.

“因为我们知道D. Suzukii.更喜欢更柔和的水果，我们可以将我们的研究努力集中在哪些野生水果可以作为这种物种的水库，并帮助确定可能面临风险的新作物，“南部国家统计学局助理教授汉纳布雷克博士说关于研究的论文的领导作者。“这些发现也可能是植物育种者的起点，该植物育种者对开发更新的新果实品种更具抵抗力D. Suzukii.。“

Originally from east Asia,D. Suzukii.于2008年首次在加利福尼亚州检测到。他们从威斯康星州向北卡罗来纳到佛罗里达州的州。雌性苍蝇使用腹部尖端的锯齿状刀片切割成熟水果的皮肤并将其鸡蛋铺设。鸡蛋孵化成幼虫，在果实的肉体上喂食，直到它们达到成熟 - 破坏了该过程中的果实。

Sellers go to great pains to remove infested fruit before it reaches the marketplace, so consumers won’t notice a difference in fruit quality. But infestations can cause significant economic problems for fruit growers. For example, researchers estimate thatD. Suzukii.有可能摧毁东美国东部的40％的黑莓和覆盆子作物，这会影响浆果价格和可用性。

D. Suzukii.每年都会导致数千万美元的作物伤害到樱桃，覆盆子，黑莓，蓝莓和草莓。但研究人员估计，如果无法控制害虫，损失可能会攀升到每年数亿美元。

虽然正在进行的研究探索基于农药的控制方法D. Suzukii.，NC国家的新研究应该帮助科学家和农民进行其他控制选择。

例如，研究发现D. Suzukii.are more likely to infest certain varieties of raspberries and blackberries. This means growers may be able to limit crop damage by planting more of the varieties thatD. Suzukii.tend to avoid. Similarly, this information allows farmers to focus pesticide treatment on varieties that are most susceptible to infestation.

为期三年的研究评估D. Suzukii.影响商业黑莓和树莓阴极射线示波器ps in North Carolina, and also encompassed laboratory experiments to help researchers determine which characteristics made fruits more likely to be infested. The work was supported by the Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium, North Carolina Tobacco Trust Fund Commission, North Carolina Department of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture and North Carolina Blueberry Council.

本文，“田地和实验室主体作物选择和利用的变异果蝇铃木Matsumara (Diptera: Drosophilidae), an invasive frugivore，“3月14日在线发表在害虫管理科学。共同作者是NC国家园艺科学教授吉娜Fernandez博士;布莱瓦尔大学大学的泰勒斯波利;和迪伦克拉斯州，一个核武器全国局的本科生。

- 船员 -

编辑注：这项研究摘要跟随。

“现场宿主选择和利用的变化果蝇铃木Matsumara（Diptera：Drosophilidae），一种侵袭性的节游戏

Authors: Hannah J. Burrack, Gina E. Fernandez and Dylan A. Kraus, North Carolina State University; Taylor Spivey, Brevard College

发表：2013年3月14日在线，害虫管理科学

抽象的：背景：果蝇铃木，柔软皮肤浆果和石材水果的佩斯最近迅速扩大了其全球范围。影响的影响D. Suzukii.北美和欧洲的侵扰和随后的果实损伤都是深刻的。本工作的目的是评估主机选择D. Suzukii.在现场和实验室，强调美国东南部的主持人，在哪里D. Suzukii.has been established since 2010. RESULTS: Raspberries were infested at a greater rate than blackberries in the field, and varieties within both species were infested at different rates. Primocane-fruiting blackberries were often the least heavily infested. Further, blackberries and raspberries grown under high tunnels were infested at lower rates than those grown outside. Fruit and artificial substrates with a lower surface penetration force were more heavily infested than firmer substrates in the laboratory; no eggs were laid in artificial substrates exceeding 52.00 cN surface penetration force. CONCLUSION: Infestation rates differ between species and varieties within species ofrub在美国东南部。果渗透力是宿主敏感性的一种潜在措施，但宿主吸引力可能取决于额外的因素，例如可溶性糖含量。