Researchers Find Ways for More Efficient Control of Wind Power

笔记：This release has been revised since it was first posted Jan. 2. In the initial version, we stated that wind power’s potential to have a negative impact on the grid were primarily due to the variability of the wind. In fact, wind power’s potential to have a positive or negative impact on the grid are due to the location of the wind farm. This version reflects that difference.

来自北卡罗来纳州立大学和约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员发现，在电网的某些有利位置安装风力发电厂可以使电网对无关的干扰更加稳健。

Typically, the power flowing through the transmission lines of a power grid suffers from small “oscillations,” or deviations from the norm, after a disturbance. Generally, these oscillations are mitigated by controls inside the power generators. However, if the controls are not strong enough, the oscillations may be “sustained,” reducing the efficiency of power transfer and posing a threat to the stability of the grid. If not controlled properly, these oscillations can even lead to widespread power outages – such as the 1996 blackout that hit the West Coast of the U.S.

The researchers found that, under certain circumstances, wind farms can worsen these oscillations if they are sited in the “wrong” locations. The problem is primarily due to the location of the wind farms in relation to the grid, and also due to the fact that the wind generator models are very different than that of conventional power generators.

但是如果在某些有利位置将风电“注入”进入网格，那么他们可以帮助减轻这些振荡。

“The best way to solve this problem is to choose locations for wind farms that promise favorable impact on the oscillations,” says Dr. Aranya Chakrabortty, an assistant professor of electrical engineering at NC State and senior author of a paper describing the work.

“However, due to various geographical factors it may not always be possible to install the plant at that favorable location. In that case, to counteract this problem, we have designed a technique that controls the flow of power from wind farms into the grid,” he adds.

Specifically, the research team developed algorithms that match control efforts between wind farms and energy storage facilities. “By matching the behavior of the two controllers, we can produce the desired damping effect on the power flow and restore stable grid behavior,” Chakrabortty says.

This issue is particularly important because wind energy is one of the fastest growing sources of renewable energy. In the U.S., the rapid increase in wind farm installations is being accelerated by government mandates and the goal of providing 20 percent of the nation’s power needs through wind power by 2020.

The paper, “协调风电场和面积间振荡阻尼的电池管理系统：频域方法,” is published online inIEEE Transactions on Power Systems. Lead author of the paper is Souvik Chandra, a Ph.D. student at NC State. The paper was co-authored by Dr. Dennice Gayme of Johns Hopkins. The work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants ECCS 1062811 and 1230788.

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Note to Editors:The study abstract follows.

“Coordinating Wind Farms and Battery Management Systems for Inter-Area Oscillation Damping: A Frequency-Domain Approach”

Authors: Souvik Chandra and Aranya Chakrabortty, North Carolina State University; Dennice F. Gayme, Johns Hopkins University

Published: Online Oct. 17, 2013 inIEEE Transactions on Power Systems

DOI: 10.1109 / TPWRS.2013.2282367

Abstract:本文介绍了一组线性控制设计，用于通过风电场和电池能量系统（BES）的协调控制来整形大径向电力系统的区域间振荡谱。我们考虑带有风电和电池功率的电力系统的连续表示，该电池电量被设计为点源强制。系统的光谱分析表明其振荡光谱强烈地取决于这些功率注射的位置，这意味着存在产生更有利的光谱响应的选址位置。然而，在特定地点现场风电场或BES的能力可能受到地理，环境，经济或其他考虑因素的限制。我们的工作通过设计用于风电场的电源输出的协调控制器和可以将系统的频谱响应塑造到所需响应来规避此问题的方法。该设计被构成为参数优化问题，这最小化了在有限范围内的两个光谱响应之间的误差。该方法独立于风电场和BES的位置，并且可以以分散的方式实施。