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研究与创新

Electron Spin Brings Some Order to High Entropy Alloys

强度比突出显示扫描传输显微镜图像。有序的纳米域具有较高强度(红色)的列,该列位于较低强度(蓝色)的列旁边。

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道格·欧文(Doug Irving) 919.515.6154
马特·希普曼(Matt Shipman) 919.515.6386

来自北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员发现,电子旋转为高熵合金镍铁铬钴(NIFECRCO)带来了以前未知的秩序程度,并可能在赋予合金的特性方面发挥作用。

北卡罗来纳州立大学材料科学与工程学副教授,描述这项工作的论文的材料科学与工程学副教授,在过去的10年中,高熵合金在过去10年中引起了很多关注。”高熵合金是由四个或多个金属组成的材料,大约相等。

This is a diagram of the NiFeCrCo high entropy alloy's structure with ordered chromium. Image credit: Doug Irving. Click to enlarge.
This is a diagram of the NiFeCrCo high entropy alloy’s structure with ordered chromium. Image credit: Doug Irving. Click to enlarge.

欧文说:“例如,基于NIFECRCO的高熵合金在极低的温度下具有良好的硬度,拉伸强度,延性和抗断裂性的结合。”

“如果你看看NiFeCrCo,它有一个固定的结构,” Irving explains. “Think of orderly rows of boxes. But which atoms fill which spaces is seemingly random – it seems impossible to predict which element might be in any given box. That impression of chaos is why they’re called high entropy alloys.

欧文说:“但是现在我们已经确定这种合金的成分有一些顺序。”

具体来说,研究人员了解到铬和旋转 - 扮演关键角色。

所有原子都有电子,所有电子都有一个称为自旋的特性。铁磁材料中的电子(例如铁,镍和钴)倾向于对齐,因此它们的旋转朝着相同的方向定向。但是,抗铁磁材料中的电子(如铬)倾向于对齐,因此它们的自旋与邻居相反。

在Nifecrco中,如果铬被铁,镍或钴包围,则可以将其自旋与邻居保持一致。它们都可以旋转,铬可以旋转。但是,如果两个铬原子彼此相邻,它们都不能使自己的旋转与所有邻居都不同,因为他们本身就是邻居。

In short, chromium’s spin properties force the chromium atoms to be as far apart as possible in the NiFeCrCo structure. And, because there is a high concentration of chromium atoms in the material, this creates nanoscale domains of order with the overall “chaos” of the high entropy alloy.

欧文说:“表明该材料在纳米级有序可能会导致有关如何扩展这些有序域的新工作,并可能操纵材料的机械性能。”

研究人员结合了高级电子结构计算,磁性特性测量和revolving scanning transmission electron microscopy(旋转茎)查看Nifecrco的原子量表上发生了什么。

“It’s a powerful example of what can be learned through combining state of the art microscopy techniques with predictions from advanced computational approaches,” says James LeBeau, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at NC State, co-author of the paper, and the creator of the revolving STEM technique.

纸,“Spin-driven Ordering of Cr in the Equiatomic High Entropy Alloy NiFeCrCo,”在线发表在《期刊》上应用物理信。该论文的主要作者是Changning Niu,博士学位。北卡罗来纳州的学生。合着者包括Alexander Zaddach,Adedapo Oni,Siahan Sang和NC State的Carl Koch;和弗曼大学的詹姆斯·赫特三世(James Hurt III)。这项工作得到了国家科学基金会根据DMR-11104930和EEC-1156762的赠款支持,并得到了空军科学研究办公室根据赠款编号FA9550-12-1-0456的支持。

- 船员 -

给编辑的注释:研究摘要如下。

“在等型高熵合金Nifecrco中CR的自旋驱动序列”

作者:C。Niu,A。J. Zaddach,A。A. Oni,X。Sang,J。M. Lebeau,C。C. Koch和D. L. Irving,北卡罗来纳州立大学;J. W. Hurt III,弗曼大学

出版:4月23日,应用物理信

doi:10.1063/1.4918996

抽象的:Spin-driven ordering of Cr in an equiatomic fcc NiFeCrCo high entropy alloy (HEA) was predicted by first principles calculations. Ordering of Cr is driven by the reduction in energy realized by surrounding antiferromagnetic Cr with ferromagnetic Ni, Fe and Co in an alloyed L12structure. The fully Cr-ordered alloyed L12对于磁性挫败的随机固体溶液,相位的磁矩被预测为磁矩的36%。通过铣削或铸造/退火合成三个样品。发现铸造/退火样品具有低温磁矩,是铣削样品中矩的44%,这与有序的理论预测一致。进行了扫描透射电子显微镜测量结果,并确定整个均衡的Nifecrco Hea中铸造/退火样品中存在有序的纳米域的存在。

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  1. We were having a little discussion wayback when on USENET about the possibility of anomalous superconductivity in exotic alloys. It turns out that some of the physics in HEAs is similar to that in metallic superconductors, so it is entirely possible that a material could exist with as few as five elements of the right types that superconducts in a narrow range of T well above BSCCO, possibly even up to 262K.